Environmental Management

Sustainable Tourism

Fisheries and Aquaculture

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

EUROPEAN UNION Support to the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) EC DG ENV 2011 - 2012	The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) is the first encompassing piece of EU legislation specifically aimed at the protection of the marine environment, creating a framework for marine waters and expanding the approaches initiated by, amongst others, the Water Framework Directive, Environmental Impact Assessment, Strategic Environmental Assessment and Birds and Habitats Directives. The Directive involves many implementation challenges, which are addressed through a Common Implementation Strategy (CIS), where the Commission, Member States and experts are collaborating to discuss and resolve various issues linked to the application of the Directive, resulting in technical guidance, reports, etc. The Consortium comprising several leading companies in the field of marine environment has been awarded this framework contract, which aims at supporting DG ENV in implementing the Directive, notably within the framework of the CIS. This will involve the following main tasks: · Providing assistance and support to the Commission for the implementation of the MSFD and the management of the CIS process, including the collection and handling of information and support to various working groups. · Providing technical assistance to the Commission for the preparation of technical documents and the elaboration of standards and guidelines based on consolidated knowledge documents. · Providing support to the Commission in the development and implementation of a communication programme. · Providing independent, impartial and punctual advice on relevant aspects related to the actions taken by countries' implementation of the MSFD.
MOROCCO, ALGERIA, TUNISIA, EGYPT, JORDAN, LEBANON, OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY, ISRAEL AND SYRIA Integrated Maritime Policy in the Mediterranean EC DG MARE 2010 - 2012	The project’s overall objective is to improve governance of maritime affairs in the Mediterranean sea-basin by promoting and achieving a more integrated and co-ordinated approach to policies impacting on the sea in each of the beneficiary countries and encouraging further co-operation on marine and maritime affairs at regional level and implementation of agreed provisions. The purposes of this contract are as follow: · To encourage Mediterranean partner countries to embrace a more integrated and coordinated approach to maritime governance at the appropriate levels; · To establish in turn a governance framework in the Mediterranean partner countries that applies such an integrated approach. · In this context, to enhance their knowledge of EU policies and instruments related to maritime governance, in particular the ecosystem approach, sustainable fisheries, spatial planning at sea, marine knowledge development, marine and maritime research priorities. · To encourage Mediterranean partner countries to enhance regional cooperation on marine and maritime related matters by addressing the necessary gaps in the implementation of agreed rules of where this is needed, and using existing ENP (or other) funding means accordingly.
JORDAN Consultancy services for the environment & social assessment of sub-project implementation and auditing AFD /World Bank 2010	The development objective of the project is to assist the Government of Jordan in promoting regionally balanced local development, principally through municipalities and other ancillary support institutions
IPA COUNTRIES (WESTERN BALKANS + TURKEY) Environment Forum EC DG ENV 2009 - 2012	Pescares is leader of the consortium and responsible of the overall coordination of the project. The Company makes available three full-time resources: the Project Director, the Project Officer, and the Project Administrator. Specific responsibilities of Pescares are to assure: - Clear organisation and plan for delivering support; - Effective communications between the client, the experts and the final beneficiaries; - Advanced project management systems; - Quality assurance of technical expertise; - An extensive knowledge base and access to experts.
CROATIA A Study of Best Practices in Financing Protected Areas in Croatia World Bank Gov. of Croatia, Ministry of Culture 2009 - 2010	Pescares was responsible to produce short paper synthesizing common practices in PA finance including: (a) financing nature protection (public, private, and access charges) (b) a comparison of practices across countries of government financial contribution per hectare of protected land (c) the range of tools used to allocate public financing to PA (d) review the current PA finance system in Croatia and identify strengths and weaknesses through a gaps analysis. (e) the balance between public finance and park revenues (f) the extent of differentiation across parks or regions (g) the enabling framework for co-operation or co-finance with NGOs, civil society, or conservation funds The paper developed prototypes from the wide variety of real examples to better explain pros and cons of different options (primarily practices applied in other EU countries). Pescares also contributed to the implementation of a “willingness-to-pay” (WTP) survey aimed at by both domestic and international tourists to elicit the economic value of Croatian PAs. Finally, Pescares contributed to the organisation of a workshop in Croatia to present and discuss the results of the above mentioned activities.
MOROCCO, ALGERIA, TUNISIA, EGYPT, JORDAN, LEBANON, OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY, ISRAEL AND SYRIA Mediterranean Hot Spot Investment Programme EU European Investment Bank 2009 - 2012	· Close coordination among the different stakeholders at Headquarter and field level (EIB, EC, EU delegations, other IFIs/BFIs, H2020 Focal points) and regular contacts with the Promoter. · Reinforcing sector level cooperation and funding coordination among the IFIs, EU Commission, promoters and other sources of funding · Familiarize with products available from IFIs, including concessional sources, and national financial sources in the region, and link to these financiers in order to facilitate funding · Setting up and running complex, multi-sector technical assistance operations · Project and financial brokering and facilitation · Project Preparation (pre-feasibility studies, feasibility studies, project design, preparation of tender documents) · Country-sector strategic reviews · Assist in establishing a pipeline of projects, of which certain identified as ‘pilot’ projects for the first phase of the foreseen EIB credit line; · Identify key issues and needs with respect to the further design and implementation of the EIB credit line · Capacity building/Institutional strengthening to Public Authorities in natural resource management · Water and Waste Water Management · Solid Waste Management · Industrial de-pollution · Design and delivery of targeted practical and theoretical training programs · Development of environmental indicators · Extensive regional experience in Southern Mediterranean area · Training and methodological guidance in project development
TUNISIA Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) strategies for the Kroumirie & Mogods Region and Grand Sfax municipality EC MEDA WWF MedPo 2008	Pescares is responsible for the development and fine tuning of a monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to allow for the ICZM plans of action to be adapted to the evolution of the coastal zone needs. In particular, to develop a Protocol to both: i) assess progress across the policy cycle of ICZM; ii) monitor, evaluate and report the impacts of the ICZM plans upon the sustainable development of the pilot coastal zones of the Project.
MOROCCO, ALGERIA, TUNISIA, EGYPT, JORDAN, LEBANON, OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY, ISRAEL AND SYRIA SMAP III – Technical Assistance to the Third Regional Environment Programme in the Mediterranean EC DG EuropeAid 2005 - 2009	Pescares was responsible for all aspects related to supporting ICZM Projects. Responsibilities include : 1. Support and monitoring of progress of all projects 2. Liaise with the EC Delegation in Cairo for any admin or technical problem arising during the projects implementation 3. Support to the integration of ICZM practices at the strategy and policy level in all 10 target countries 4. Support to the institutions, local authorities and relevant stakeholders for capacity building type trainings and activities on ICZM, use of indicators for monitoring, use of GIS, stakeholders engagement, cost-benefit analysis, Strategic Environmental Assessment etc. with the aim of improving the knowledge and provide capacity building opportunities to the beneficiaries.
EUROPEAN UNION Fish /2004/15: Some Aspects of the Environmental Impact of Aquaculture in Sensitive Areas EC DG XIV (Fisheries) Poseidon Ltd 2005 - 2006	Pescares was the partner responsible for the analysis of the Western Mediterranean area and for the development of the evaluation methodology to be used to classify aquaculture activities in different environmental risk categories.
MAURITIUS, SEYCHELLES, COMOROS, TANZANIA, KENYA, MADAGASCAR ReCoMaP-IO – Regional Programme for the Sustainable Management of the Coastal Zones of the Countries of the Indian Ocean 9th EDF Indian Ocean Commission 2007-2008	Responsible for evaluating the GIS systems in all countries of the SWIO, in particular : - Assess the extent to which GIS is used as a tool for CZM in the region; identify the constraints to and the requirements for developing an effective GIS in each focus country (e.g. data gaps); identify a comprehensive set of relevant GIS applications; prepare an action plan. - Taking into account other projects/institutions (such as CHM, JRC and AMESD), identify and assess the local capabilities in the use of GIS for CZM in each focus country through Regional Centres of Excellence; develop a capacity building programme for GIS in each focus country, including capacity needs of policy-makers and coastal managers in the use of GIS for decision-making
ITALY Self-financing Protected Areas EC LIFE Environment Regional Protected Area of Maremma, Tuscany 2004 - 2008	Pescares was responsible for the preparation of a technical and financial offer for a project presented for funding to the DG Environment under the LIFE Environment Programme in 2003. The project aims at promoting self-financing mechanisms in 6 protected areas on the Italian territory.
ITALY Local Agenda 21 for Qualiano (NA) NGO Studio Incontri Ambientali (SIA) / Municipality of Qualiano 2003-2004	Pescares is responsible for the methodological aspects of the conduction of the Agenda 21 process including conduction of thematic workshops and the definition of a set of sustainability indicators.
ITALY EIA for road construction Office of Public Works, Province of Forlì-Cesena 2003	Pescares was responsible for the air pollution section of the EIA report for the construction of a road extension connecting roads SP33 and SP108 to bypass the city center of S. Angelo and a causeway for access to the city of Cesenatico. Elaboration of existing traffic data, application of air pollutants emission and dispersion models and evaluation of exposure of sensitive receptors (i.e. buildings, playgrounds etc.).
Italy, Bulgaria, Greece, UK, Cyprus Project AGROplan EC Leonardo da Vinci Programme 2003- 2005	Vocational training in farm management, production planning, entrepreneurship and innovation for the farming sector with the use of ICT Pescares is the Italian partner in the project, responsible for the preparation of a report on the state of fruit and vegetable crops production in Italy and for the administrative management of the Italian contribution to the project.
RÉUNION (France) Local Agenda 21 Région Réunion 2003	Pescares is responsible for the methodological aspects of the conduction of the Local Agenda 21 process for the entire Region, in particular: Civic forum conduction, environmental sustainability awareness rising, State of the Environment Reporting, identification of sustainability indicators. The aim of the process is the achievement of vertical and horizontal integration of all actors (i.e. institutions, private sector, NGOs, local communities) and real governance applied to sustainable use of resources. Regional cooperation was also discussed as one of the key elements of sustainable development in the Indian Ocean.
Italy, Bulgaria, Greece, UK, Cyprus Project FReLECTRA EC Leonardo da Vinci Programme 2001- 2002	Use of innovative technologies and improved vocational training for the production and marketing of fresh fruits and vegetables. Pescares was the Italian partner in the project, responsible for the preparation of a report on the state of fruit and vegetable crops production in Italy and for the administrative management of the Italian contribution to the project.
ITALY Environmental Accounting for the State of the Environment Report Province of Ferrara 2002-2003	Pescares is providing technical assistance for the definition of an innovative approach to the preparation of the State of the Environment Report for the Province of Ferrara, integrating elements of environmental economics (physical and monetary indicators) providing information on the efficiency of the environmental policies adopted by the administration.
MALDIVES First Regional Development Project ADB / Ministry of Atoll Administration 1999-2002	The ADB First Regional Development Project for the Maldives aimed at promoting the development of focus islands in the northern and southern region of the Maldivian archipelago. Pescares responsibilities included : § Conduction of Environmental Impact Assessment for all infrastructure and civil works components of the project. In particular the construction of a 13 Km road in Addoo Atoll. § Co-ordination of the environmental monitoring programme : define baseline environmental conditions through collection of data on coral reefs, seagrass beds, coastal processes, fisheries, wetland areas etc. § Establish an environmental monitoring framework for all activities undertaken during the project and ensure community participation to contribute to the local integration of tourism activities. § Contribute to the establishment of a protected area in one lagoon (Khuli) of national importance. § Conduct consultation with local communities to assess marine resource use patterns. Co-ordinate the environmental awareness and training programme for local counterparts.
MALDIVES Regional Ports Environmental Assessment KFAED / Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation 2001-2002	Pescares was responsible for the conduction of the Initial Environmental Evaluation and subsequent Environmental Impact Assessment study for the construction of two regional commercial ports in Kulhuduffushi (Haa Dhaal Atoll) and Hithadhoo (Addu Atoll). The study included the characterisation of baseline environmental conditions, identification of potential environmental and social impacts deriving from construction and operation of ports, identification of port location and design alternatives and mitigation measures, definition of an environmental monitoring framework. Environmental specifications for the proposed dredging activities were outlined in detail and included in the contractual agreement with the contractor.
EGYPT Red Sea Coastal and Marine Resource Management GEF / World Bank 1997-1999	Pescares provided technical support to its partner (MEP Ltd.) in managing a coastal zone project to ensure the sustainable development of the Red Sea coast of Egypt. A ten-person team designed policies and plan for marine environmental management and institutional strengthening of Government bodies to conduct multi-sectoral CZM planning. The team also identified and established marine protected areas; develop strategies for pollution prevention and protection; and develop a database and inventory of the coastal and marine resources of the Red Sea coast.
OMAN Coral Reef Management Plan  L G Mouchel & Partners Ltd / Gov. of Oman 1998	A coral specialist led a four-person dive team to assess the status and health of Oman's coral reefs. Covering the critical areas, the survey provided a broad overview of the reef condition as well as a detailed assessment of coral cover, species composition, size, growth forms and reef structure, and quantified the level of physical damage and health. Emphasis was placed on producing archivable photographic and video graphic characterisation of the sites. The survey results provided the essential basis for a coral reef management plan to be produced under the project.
YEMEN Socotra Archipelago Master Plan EC DG IB 1999	Pescares is providing a number of specialists in fisheries, agriculture and tourism development to a multi-disciplinary team producing a medium-term master plan for the Socotra Archipelago. This one-year study will provide a comprehensive land and coastal use plan within the context of an overall development framework.
CHINA Coastal Resource Conservation and Environmental Management Project Asian Development Bank 1999 - 2000	Preparation of a Bohai Sea Coastal Resources and Environmental Management Plan to address problems of overfishing, unplanned aquaculture development and environmental degradation in this semi-enclosed sea in Northern China. The result of the project should be better coordination of coastal management, institutional capacity building, development of long-term planning for the fisheries and aquaculture industries, and improved response to oil spills and other pollution problems.
CHINA Capacity Building for Integrated Coastal Management in Northern South China Sea UNDP and SOA of PRC 1999	The project aims to prevent marine environmental pollution and conserve coastal resources in China by demonstrating the Integrated Coastal Management approach in three demonstration sites. Assistance will be given to: implement ICM for sustainable fisheries development, port management and the resolution of multiple use conflicts; local authorities in the development of the necessary co-ordination and management framework; identify and resolve legal conflicts; establish functional zonation schemes; strengthen environmental monitoring and surveillance protocols; and develop appropriate sustainable financing mechanisms for ICM.
THAILAND Coastal Resource Management Project EU DG1B 1999	A team of specialist visited the southern regions of Thailand to identify current Coastal Zone Management issues and design a project capable of addressing them. The team surveyed various coastal areas and discussed with local stakeholders (fishermen, tourists, conservationists, local administrations), visited existing and proposed protected areas, identified suitable pilot project areas, proposed necessary action, defined institutional responsibilities and budgeted for all proposed project activities.
BAHAMAS Fisheries Reserves Management Project Local NGO  1998	A Pescares staff member assisted the Department of Fisheries to prepare a reef fisheries and recreation management plan for the Bahamian coast. This plan, which included extensive stakeholder consultation amongst the various tourism, fisheries, conservation and other development interests, was aimed at ensuring the sustainable use of one of the country’s most valuable and sensitive natural resource assets.
MALDIVES Marina Infrastructure Feasibility Study Ministry of Tourism, Gov. of Maldives 1999	Comprehensive feasibility study for the construction of a yacht marina on undeveloped islands in the northern Maldivian atolls. The primary aim of the study was the development of yacht tourism in the Maldives to broaden the tourism base and provide downstream economic benefits to previously undeveloped areas of the country. The team identified the most suitable marina location, design and construction plans; calculated associated capital and maintenance costs; predicted potential financial returns under different marketing scenarios; identified social, economic and environmental implications of the proposed development undertaking a full Social and Environmental Impact Assessment; and suggested a yacht tourism development plan that could maximise economic benefits to the country without compromising its environmental assets.
ERITREA Fisheries Infrastructure Development Project FAO Investment Centre 1996-98	A team of specialists in coastal ecology, fisheries and economics, were engaged by FAO to examine four potential harbour sites in Dankalia Province and provide a detailed project preparation document for possible African Development Bank funding. The mission included a detailed assessment of the adjacent marine and coastal ecology in order to determine the environmental sensitivity of each sub-project and to draw up terms of reference for full environmental impact assessment.
PHILIPPINES Marine Protected Area Establishment Local NGO 1998	A Pescares specialist assisted a local NGO in the planning and coordination of underwater surveys necessary to assess the state of the reefs and commercially valuable fish species surrounding Danjugan Island, Negros Occidental. Consultations with local stakeholders was also undertaken to create momentum for the official creation of the protected area. Community based management initiatives elsewhere in the Philippines were evaluated to develop a management plan for the newly created Marine Proteceted Area and Fishery Reserve.
JAMAICA South Coast Sustainable Development Study Government of Jamaica 1998	A fisheries and environmental consultant joined a team to produce a coastal zone management plan. As well as assessing the landscape and terrestrial resources, a detailed marine and freshwater fish and fisheries (fin and shellfish) survey was carried out to ensure a sustainable development of the coastal zone.
BELIZE Environmentally Responsible Coastal Aquaculture GEF/UNDP 1997	The project aimed at providing support to GEF Coastal Zone Management Unit in developing guidelines for environmentally-responsible coastal aquaculture. Together with a local consultant, the specialist conducted a review of current and potential impacts of aquaculture and provided guidance on (i) land-use planning aspects of shrimp and finfish culture; (ii) environmental planning and assessment in the CZM; and (iii) training in EIA procedures for aquaculture development.
GEORGIA Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation and Management EU-Tacis 1999	An aquatic resources management specialist has been provided by Pescares in support of the biodiversity component of a EU funded project in Georgia. The project aims at the sustainable management of the resources of the Black Sea. Pescares expert is to provide advice on the means of preserving the Black Sea natural assets and maintain its biodiversity.
YEMEN Port of Aden Free Zone Development Yemen Investment and Development Co Ltd. 1996	Pescares provided technical support to its partner (MEP Ltd.) in preparing the initial environmental assessment for the development of the Port of Aden into a large Free Zone Port, involving the construction of a large container trans-shipment terminal, deepening of the existing berths and harbour entrance and construction on a land area next to the harbour. The Pescares team assessed the marine and terrestrial ecology of the harbour area and vicinity, took soil, sediment and water samples for chemical analysis and made a record of habitats and species. Recommendations were then made on sensitive areas, critical issues and further research required.
EUROPEAN UNION Legal and Regulatory Bodies: Appropriateness to Integrated Coastal Zone Management European Union 1998	The project is one of six thematic studies forming part of the EU’s Demonstration Programme on integrated management of coastal zones. The aim of the project is to assess the magnitude of the problems of an abundance of legal and regulatory dispositions and their lack of consistency within ICZM in the European Union. The work involves both desk studies, visits to demonstration areas and participation in meetings with project leaders and national experts to produce proposals for action to create a common legal and regulatory system for all the member states of the European Union with regard to ICZM.

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

MALDIVES Environmental Impact Assessment for Marine and Resort Developments Ministry of Environment  1999	A team of experts conducted a full feasibility study for the construction of a yacht marina on undeveloped islands in the northern Maldivian atolls. The primary aim of the study was the development of yacht tourism in the Maldives to broaden the tourism base and provide downstream economic benefits to previously undeveloped areas of the country. The team identified the most suitable marina location, design and construction plans; calculated associated capital and maintenance costs; predicted potential financial returns under different marketing scenarios; identified social, economic and environmental implications of the proposed development undertaking a full social and environmental impact assessment; and suggested a yacht tourism development plan that could maximise economic benefits to the country without compromising its environmental assets.
MALDIVES  Sustainable Tourism industry development Ministry of Tourism 1998 ongoing	Pescares worked with the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Tourism to produce guidelines for the sustainable development of tourism within the Maldives. The guidelines included environmental management practices for resorts, safari boats and an environmental conduct for tourists. The guidelines will set environmental standards to be reached by any development built in the Maldives in the future.
CARIBBEAN  Study on hygiene  sanitation and safety for Caribbean Tourism Organisation European Union 1999 ongoing	Pescares was asked to provide a definitive solution for outline for changes to be made in the health and safety of the Caribbean tourist industry. This included onsite inspections by a team of specialists. Recommendations were made that have enabled an improved standard to be demanded of and reached by prospective and current tourism sites around the Caribbean.
THAILAND  Environmental audit of hotels Private Client 1999 ongoing	Pescares carried out an environmental audit on hotels that British Airways were considering using in Thailand. This included the investigation of the environmental impact and management of each hotel under consideration and also the installation of environmental benchmarks by which to measure future performance. Corrective action was also used where necessary and an overall environmental policy was drawn up.
CHINA Zoning of Coastal Activities for CZM ADB 1999 ongoing	Preparation of a bohai sea coastal resources and environmental management plan to address problems of overfishing, unplanned aquaculture development and environmental degradation in this semi-enclosed sea in northern china. The result of the project should be better coordination of coastal management, development of long-term planning for the fisheries and aquaculture industries, and improved response to oil spills and other pollution problems.
EGYPT  Tourism Carrying Capacity Evaluation GEF/WB 1996-98	Management of a coastal zone project to ensure the sustainable development of the Red Sea coast of Egypt. The ten-person team designed policies and plans for marine environmental management and strengthen government institutions to conduct multi-sectoral CZM planning. The team will also identify and establish marine protected areas; develop strategies for pollution prevention and protection; and develop a database and inventory of the coastal and marine resources of the red sea coast.
YEMEN Socotra Archipelago Tourism Development Plan EU 1999 ongoing	Pescares are providing a number of specialists in fisheries, agriculture and tourism development to a multi-disciplinary team producing a medium-term master plan for the Socotra archipelago. This one-year study will provide a comprehensive land and coastal use plan within the context of an overall development framework. The project is being conducted in association with ws atkins environment and takakis international of greece.
BAHAMAS Reef Recreation Management Plan Local NGO 1998	A Pescares staff member assisted a local NGO and the department of fisheries to prepare a fisheries and reef recreation management plan for the Bahamian coast. This plan, which included extensive stakeholder consultation amongst the various tourism, fisheries, conservation and other development interests, was aimed at ensuring the sustainable use of one of the country’s most valuable and sensitive natural resource assets. The result of the project was the recent establishment of 5 marine protecetd areas in Bahamian waters.

FISHERIES & AQUACULTURE

MOROCCO Preparation of a development strategy for Marine Protected Areas as tools for the management of fisheries resources in Morocco MCC Morocco 2010 - 2014	Technical assistance to the institutions responsible for fisheries in Morocco with the aim of developing a MPA system to be used as a privileged tool for the sustainable development of fisheries activities in the coastal areas of Morocco. The project aims at creating pilot MPAs in strategic areas for fisheries management and support the marine fisheries unit of the Ministry to assess and monitor fisheries resources in these pilot areas. Pescares is responsible for technical assistance to all components of the project, namely : - Mission I: Develop a MPA development strategy for fisheries management purposes; - Mission II: Capacity building at the national level in the creation and management of MPAs as fisheries management tools and awareness rising; - Mission III: Set up MPAs in pilot areas and monitor results.
ALBANIA Establishing and strengthening of a monitoring, control and surveillance system in fisheries IPA 2008 Gov. of Albania 2009 - 2011	The Consultant provided advice and support at the strengthening and the enforcement of the Albanian Fishery Inspectorate in the management of a fully operating MCS system, including the VMS establishment, as well as the deterrence system and the co-management enforcement. The main results to be achieved are : - In the frame of strengthening the Fishery Directorate’s capacity to manage the MCS, fisheries’ inspectorate effectiveness in preventing the damage to marine resources and coastal ecosystems due to inappropriate or illegal fishing practices is enhanced following restructuring and training of staff; - The compliance of the legal framework with the EC Regulations is ensured; - A Vessel Monitoring System and Information Communication Plan established and functional in Coastal Guard – CMOC and MEFWA - Responsible fishing principles and norms have been established and respected by the fishermen community.
EUROPEAN UNION Social and environmental assessment ex post evaluation of EC Fisheries structures measures Pew Charitable Trust 2009 - 2010	Pescares was responsible of preparing a thorough assessment of the social and environmental impact of EU FIFG 2000-2006 administration in Italy. The study included information of fishing capacity trends of the Italian fishing fleet, analysis of the impact of the different fishing gears on the most fished stocks, interviews with the National Managing Authority as well as relevant stakeholders, review of the national measures to meet the EU criteria for what concern social and environmental sustainability standards.
ITALY Quality in the Italian Fisheries sector Federcoopesca 2004	Pescares prepared a detailed analysis of the state of the fisheries production chain in Italy with particular reference to quality aspects. The results obtained have been summarized in a report on “Quality in the Italian Fisheries sector” including guidelines to guarantee quality of fisheries products throughout the production chain.
ITALY Fisheries Market Environmental Certification GESTurist SpA 2004	Pescares prepared the Initial Environmental Evaluation (IEE) for the Fisheries Market of Cesenatico and contributed to the preparation of the remaining documentation required to obtain environmental certification under the ISO 14001 norm, in view of the first external audit.
ITALY Quality Certification in the Fisheries Sector UNIPROM 2001 ongoing	Pescares is managing a project aimed at the development of a quality certification system for fisheries products. The project focuses on two pilot areas in Italy for which specific fisheries products will be analysed from harvesting to retail outlet. Criteria for certification will be set and applied for sustainability of the fisheries, technology and gear, work safety, quality and nutrition.
SOLOMON ISLANDS Rural Fisheries Enterprise Project – Phase III EC – DG Dev 2000 ongoing	Pescares is providing a marketing specialist and technical backup to the project which aims at assisting local fishermen to generate income by establishing a network of market infrastructures. In its third phase the project is working in close collaboration with local workers and managers of 8 Rural Fisheries Centres (RFCs) to achieve long-term financial viability of the centres by promoting privatisation (i.e. responsibilisation of local communities) and diversification of activities.
WORLDWIDE FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries FAO  1992 - 1995	Over a 3 year period Pescares leading consultant, ex- Head of FAO Fisheries Department, was responsible for the development of the FAO Code of Conduct on Responsible Fisheries and its harmonisation with relevant international legal agreements He lead obtaining of approval, formulating drafts of the various Chapters, arranging consultations and negotiations involving all FAO member countries. Final and unanimous approval of the text by all countries was obtained.
WORLDWIDE GLOBEFISH : Regional Network of Fish Marketing Information FAO 1998 - 2000	A Pescares expert has conducted a review of the FAO headquarter-based GLOBEFISH programme as well as the relative regional organisations/projects INFOFISH, INFOPESCA (South America), INFOPECHE, INFOSAMAK (Middle East), EASTFISH (Eastern European Countries) and INFOYU (China). These programmes aim at providing regional networks of marketing information for fisheries products. The purpose of the review was the definition of future priorities, modes of operation and network cooperation.
WORLDWIDE Fisheries Legislation Study Private Client 1998	Study of fisheries legislation in nine countries worldwide governing licensing and quotas. Determination of legal basis of enforcement and actual practice and determination of extent of illegal fishing activities. Provision of expert consultancy in fisheries legislation and fisheries management systems. Expert advice on legislation implications for policy formulation with respect to compensation of fishermen following pollution incidents.
CHINA Assistance to the Fishery Industry Marketing Information, INFOYU FAO 1997 - 1999	A Pescares specialist is responsible for coordinating the establishment of INFOYU and a fish marketing information and marine and aquaculture products trade promotion system for the fishery industry in China, and linking this service with the FAO fish marketing information network. Assistance includes liaison with fisheries institutions, fish marketing, organisation of conferences and trade fairs, and full training of staff.
RUSSIAN FEDERATION Technical Support for the Fish Industry in Kaliningrad EU/Tacis 1995 – 1999	Pescares were among the consultants in a consortium selected to assist the Department of the Fish Industry Complex and the Kaliningrad Oblast Administration. The project supported a complete reform of the complex and adaptation of its fleet and on-land fishing industries to the changing nature of international markets, which included fleet rationalisation, joint ventures and access agreements, improvements in the production and packaging of fish for international markets and the development of a strategy to produce and distribute low-cost fish products for national markets. The project involved assessment of the current situation, preparation of a phased action programme and setting up of a Fish Industries Advisory Centre.
WEST AFRICA Fisheries Sector Assessment World Bank 1994	A desk study assessment of West African fisheries was carried out through a review of existing publications and design of a questionnaire to be filled out in Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Senegal and Sierra Leone. The fisheries of the region were profiled, and major themes and issues were highlighted in a presentation to the Bank. Appropriate projects were identified and suitable areas were suggested for World Bank intervention in the region.
BOLIVIA Technical Assistance to Artisanal Fisheries EU 1996 – 1998	Support actions for socio-economic development; strengthen institutional technical, economic and administrative capacity of Bolivian fisheries sector; improve socio-economic conditions of artisanal population through extension work and training; improve production and consumption of fish resources; advise on fishing gear technology. Assessment of river and lake resources with a view to community development and participation in areas of aquaculture, marketing and post-harvest activities was conducted.
UK Investigation of Financial Losses Resulting from the Grounding of MV Sea Empress Private client 1996 ongoing	Following the loss of 72,000 tonnes of crude oil from the MV Sea Empress, Pescares, in collaboration with its partner MacAlister Elliott and Partners Ltd., provided technical advisers to the compensatory bodies on fisheries issues and has carried out a physical and financial overview of the local inshore crustacean, whelk, whitefish and cockle fisheries and their sales and processing industries. Claims processing involved detailed analysis of the individual claimants operations. Compensation methodologies have been constructed for each type of fishery and a whelk fishery model created to predict 1996 catch volumes. Ongoing compensation assessments were made throughout the fishery closure during the spill for 190 fishing vessel operators, shellfish gatherers, fish farms and fish processors.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia SFC Operational Strengthening Project Saudi Fisheries Company 1992	Saudi Fisheries Company (SFC), the largest fishing company in Saudi Arabia and part-Government owned, operates a series of fleets, ports, processing facilities and retail outlets and exporting facilities. Pescares has served as advisor to SFC covering, in particular, acquisition of vessels, fleet management, shore and processing facilities, procurement of supplies, market development including the creation of a chain of retail shops, development of value-added products and export promotion.
PERU, CHILE, ARGENTINA MSC - South American Consultation Marine Stewardship Council 1998	The aim of the consultations was to raise awareness and improve networking in-country for the furtherance of the MSC standard for sustainable, responsible fisheries. Two technical specialists undertook a series of meetings with key fisheries stakeholders in Peru, Chile and Argentina. A report was produced summarising the reception of stakeholders, views and opinions, plus viability of establishing national consultation groups and in-country workshops.
GHANA Development of Hygiene and Quality Control Regulations for Fish EU 1998 – 1998	Review of the current legislation and drafting of new legislation to provide a framework for fish inspection and quality control systems. An inspection system and code of practice was established and a training course held for inspectors in the application of the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) concept. Documents for Ghana Standard Board’s submission to the EU were prepared.
EUROPEAN UNION Study on the Problem of Discards EU Parliament - STOA Unit (Scientific and Technological Options Assessment) 1998	This study aims to generate a concise and analytical review of the problem of non-target species discards within the European Union fishing fleets. It will assess and quantify existing discard practices, the impact on the marine environment and the status of current research and fisheries management policy approaches to the problem. A review of legislation and third country approaches to the problem will also allow the study team to present possible policy options to the European Parliament.
ITALY Due Diligence Study Private Client 1997	Pescares marketing expert prepared a detailed analysis of the international and European markets for fish and fishery products.
CHINA Coastal Resource Conservation and Environmental Management Project Asian Development Bank 1999-2000	Pescares provided support to its partner (MEP Ltd.) in the preparation of a Bohai Sea Coastal Resources and Environmental Management Plan to address problems of overfishing, unplanned aquaculture development and environmental degradation in this semi-enclosed sea in Northern China. The result of the project should be better coordination of coastal management, development of long-term planning for the fisheries and aquaculture industries, and improved response to oil spills and other pollution problems.
EUROPEAN UNION Aquaculture Industry Study EU (DGXIV) 1998 - 1999	Pescares is providing support to its partner (MEP Ltd.) for a wide-ranging study on the aquaculture industry throughout the EU. The aim of the study is to assist DG XIV in its approach to aquaculture support legislation and investment in the sector. The study is examining production, trade, markets, job creation, comparisons with other non-EU producers and the 10-year outlook for profitability and sustainability.
YEMEN IV Fisheries Development Project EU 1992 - 2000	Pescares provided support to its partner (MEP Ltd.) for the identification, preparation and implementation of the Fourth Fisheries Development Project to develop the fisheries sector in Yemen. A multi-disciplinary team is assisting the Ministry of Fish Wealth in planning and formulating strategies for the management of resources and institutional restructuring of the sector. The project covers fishing methods, processing, domestic and export marketing, and the position of women in fishing communities. The project also involves the preparation of an environmental master-plan for the coastal zone of the Gulf of Aden.
MOROCCO Project Appraisal for Institutional and Marketing Development World Bank 1998	Pescares assisted with the project preparation for a US$5 million loan to Morocco. The project had two main objectives – institutional development and marketing chain development. Institutional development will be assisted through institutional reform, introduction of IT systems and sectoral planning. Improvements in the marketing chain will be supported through fleet upgrading and improvements in landings, processing and marketing infrastructure.
LIBYA Mariculture Project Review Private client 1997	A Pescares mariculture specialist reviewed the 1988 FAO design of an on-shore sea water fish farm producing sea bass and bream. An evaluation of the farm design was made, together with construction and operation plans, in order to recommend their re-specification to a more modern level.
BELIZE Aquaculture in the Coastal Zone GEF/UNDP 1997	Pescares provided technical advice for the development of guidelines for environmentally-responsible coastal aquaculture. Together with a local consultant, Pescares conducted a review of current and potential impacts of aquaculture and provided guidance on (i) land-use planning aspects of shrimp and finfish culture; (ii) environmental planning and assessment in the CZM; and (iii) training in EIA procedures for aquaculture development.
BLACK SEA Environmental Management and Protection Programme GEF 1994 – 1996	Pescares provided a resource economist to participate in a team assessing the aquaculture potential of the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Romania, Turkey. The team, together with experts from each of the six riparian countries, investigated the technical, economic, environmental, legislative and social factors affecting aquaculture development in the region. In particular, Pescares contributed a financial assessment of existing and planned operations, together with an investigation into the marketing considerations involved.
SRI LANKA Stock Assessment and Monitoring, Control and Surveillance ADB 1995	A team of fisheries and stock assessment specialists analysed the fish resources of the country and their current state of exploitation to advise the Government on the potential to expand fishing effort within the EEZ together with the monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) system and equipment. Pescares supervised the tender for the supply of a computer-based fishing vessel monitoring system and the training of staff in the operation of the chosen system.